Barnes et al. 2013, uphill interval-training programmes

Dose-response study in 20 well-trained runners (Int J Sports Physiol Perform) comparing uphill interval programmes of differing intensity. The highest intensity was clearly best for running economy (about +2.4%) and for neuromuscular measures such as jump performance. Mean 5 km time-trial improvement across intensities was about 2%, with no single intensity clearly optimal for the time trial. Small sample.