MTSS reviews 2018-2025, Risk factors and management of medial tibial stress syndrome

Scoping and narrative reviews of medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splints). Risk factors include female sex, higher BMI, prior MTSS, greater navicular drop and sudden rises in training load; management rests on relative rest and graded load progression, with passive add-ons of uncertain value. Limited to moderate (mostly observational, few RCTs of treatment).